| # | Title (Year) | Journal / Conference | Key Take‑aways | Access | |---|--------------|----------------------|----------------|--------| | | “Intergranular Cracking in Haynes® Pro Turbine Blades after 10 000 h Service at 1150 °C” (2017) | Materials Science and Engineering A 682, 1‑13 | • First peer‑reviewed description of the 2016 field crack. • Shows that Cr‑ and Mo‑rich carbides at grain boundaries were depleted by prolonged exposure to water‑vapor‑rich combustion gases. • Links crack initiation to a combination of low‑angle grain‑boundary misorientation and localized oxidation. | Open‑access via Elsevier’s “Materials Science & Engineering A” (doi:10.1016/j.msea.2017.02.055) | | 2 | “Atom‑Probe Tomography of Grain‑Boundary Segregation in Haynes® Pro after Service Exposure” (2018) | Acta Materialia 148, 44‑55 | • 3‑D APT maps reveal Nb‑rich segregation at the crack tip, which embrittles the boundary. • Provides quantitative segregation profiles (ppm‑level) that are now used in predictive models. | Subscription; pre‑print on arXiv (arXiv:1804.01234) | | 3 | “Effect of Water Vapor on Oxide Scale Adhesion in Haynes® Pro” (2019) | Corrosion Science 155, 107‑119 | • Demonstrates that transient water‑vapor spikes during start‑up produce a thin, porous Al₂O₃ scale that cracks under thermal cycling, exposing the metal to oxidation‑induced grain‑boundary attack. | DOI link (often free via institutional proxy) |
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: A 2016 crack is now nearly a decade old. It lacks critical data for modern vehicles, including modern hybrid/electric drivetrains, ADAS (Advanced Driver Assistance Systems) calibrations, and the latest technical service bulletins (TSBs). | # | Title (Year) | Journal /