If we consider "Emperor" and "Umi" in a general sense:
: While those who were simply present were not found guilty of abetment, the court ruled that the priest who officiates and solemnizes an illegal marriage is guilty of abetting the offence of bigamy. emperor vs umi 1882 2021
It established an early precedent that a minor cannot be held liable for bigamy in the same way an adult would be, shifting the legal focus onto the guardians and the "necessity" of the act [2, 4]. If we consider "Emperor" and "Umi" in a
: The case is frequently used in modern academic and legal texts (up to 2021) to explain that "abetment by aid" requires a proactive step that is essential to the crime. Contemporary Application emperor vs umi 1882 2021